WebUSB API

Draft Community Group Report,

This version:
https://wicg.github.io/webusb
Issue Tracking:
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Inline In Spec
Editors:
(Google LLC)
(Google LLC)
(Google LLC)
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Abstract

This document describes an API for securely providing access to Universal Serial Bus devices from web pages.

Status of this document

This specification was published by the Web Platform Incubator Community Group. It is not a W3C Standard nor is it on the W3C Standards Track. Please note that under the W3C Community Contributor License Agreement (CLA) there is a limited opt-out and other conditions apply. Learn more about W3C Community and Business Groups.

1. Introduction

This section is non-normative.

The Universal Serial Bus (USB) is the de-facto standard for wired peripherals. Most USB devices implement one of roughly a dozen standard "device classes" which specify a way for the device to advertise the features it supports and commands and data formats for using those features. Standard device classes include keyboard, mice, audio, video and storage devices. Operating systems support such devices using the "class driver" provided by the OS vendor. There is however a long tail of devices that do not fit into one of the standardized device classes. These devices require hardware vendors to write native drivers and SDKs in order for developers to take advantage of them and this native code prevents these devices from being used by the web.

The WebUSB API provides a way to safely expose USB device services to the web. It provides an API familiar to developers who have used existing native USB libraries and exposes the device interfaces defined by existing specifications. With this API hardware manufacturers will have the ability to build cross-platform JavaScript SDKs for their devices. This will be good for the web because, instead of waiting for a new kind of device to be popular enough for browsers to provide a specific API, new and innovative hardware can be built for the web from day one.

For more information about USB see § 10 Appendix: A Brief Introduction to USB.

2. Motivating Applications

This section is non-normative.

2.1. Educational Devices

The software delivery model of the web is a key enabler for educational applications because they can be quickly loaded on any computer without questions of platform compatibility or administrative credentials. Science classes are incorporating computerized measurement and data logging into their lessons. These tools require bundled software that may be difficult to install on managed computers as every new native application adds overhead to an already stressed IT department. Web-based hardware APIs allow support for these devices to be built directly into existing online course materials, providing a completely seamless experience.

Students learning to code with one of the many microcontroller development kits can take advantage of online developer tools to write and upload their code. These tools already exist however they require a native component to interface between the browser and the hardware. These native extensions add a barrier to entry and may expose the user to security vulnerabilities in a way that that code running in the sandboxed web environment does not.

2.2. Web Drivers

The composablity of the web allows a new ecosystem of hardware support to be built entirely from web technology. Taking 3D printers an example, imagine that a site hosting 3D object designs wants to integrate printing directly into their page. The web supports 2D printing but there is no API for the 3D variety. If manufacturers host embeddable pages that use the WebUSB API to send data to their printers, sites can use these pages to integrate support for the hardware in the same way that features such as embedded maps are added to many existing sites.

2.3. Devices Updates and Diagnostics

While wireless protocols such as Bluetooth are often the more convenient choice for consumer devices USB ports continue to proliferate because they are an easy solution for power delivery and can serve as the connection of last resort when the device isn’t working. By integrating update and diagnostic tools into their support site a hardware manufacturer can provide tools for customers on any platform and collect better diagnostic data when a customer reaches out for support through their website. The landing page provides a way for the device manufacturer to direct the user to the right part of their website for help with their device.

3. Security and Privacy Considerations

This section is non-normative.

The WebUSB API is a powerful feature and has the possibility to expose users to a number of new privacy and security risks. These risks can be broadly divided into three categories that will be described in the sections below.

3.1. Abusing Access to a Device

Peripheral devices can serve a number of purposes. They may store data, as a flash drive does. They may collect information about the outside world as a camera or microphone does. They may manipulate objects in the outside world as a printer does. Each of the examples above have high-level APIs in the web platform with security features that aim to prevent their abuse by a malicious website. Storing data to or from an external drive requires the user to select the file manually. Turning on the microphone or camera requires permission from the user and may activate an indicator to let the user know data collection is in progress. Printing a document requires explicit action as well. This API provides a generic mechanism to connect to devices not covered by these existing high-level APIs and so it requires a similarly generic mechanism for preventing a malicious page from abusing a device.

The first of these protections is the requestDevice() function. The UA may display a permission prompt when this function is called. Even for a non-malicious page this action also preserves user privacy by preventing a site from connecting to a device before the user is aware that such a connection is possible. The UA may also display an indicator when a device connection is active.

Secondly, this specification requires that only secure contexts as described in [powerful-features] can access USB devices. This ensures both the authenticity of the code executing on behalf of the origin and that data read from the device may not be intercepted in transit.

Lastly, since USB devices are unable to distinguish requests from multiple sources, operating systems only allow a USB interface to have a single owning user-space or kernel-space driver. The UA acts as a user-space driver, therefore allowing only a single execution context to claim a USB interface at a time. The claimInterface() function will fail if multiple execution contexts attempt to claim an interface.

3.2. Attacking a Device

Historically, unless they were created for high security applications, USB devices have been designed to trust the host they are connected to and so the host is the traditional guardian of access to the capabilities a device provides. In the development of this specification two possibilities were considered. First, the UA could notify the device of the origin from which a request originated. This would be similar to the Referrer header included in HTTP request. The difficulty of this approach is that it places the burden of access control on the device. Devices often have very limited processing and storage capabilities and so an effort was made to limit the amount of work necessary on the part of the device.

The approach initially chosen during drafting of this specification was to instead require that the UA control access though a mechanism similiar to [CORS]. The device could provide the UA with a set of static data structures defining a set of origins that are allowed to connect to it. To support a transition period for existing devices it was proposed that information about allowed origins could also be provided out of band through some kind of public registry.

A downside of this approach was two-fold. First, it required vendors to build new devices with WebUSB in mind or rely on a public registry system that proved difficult to specify. Product development cycles are long and as only an Editor’s Draft this specification does not have the clout necessary to influence product planning. Second, it provided no mechanism for third-party developers to use this API with a device. This limited innovation and the number of developers who could take advantage of this new capability.

After considering these options the authors have decided that the permission prompt encouraged by the requestDevice() method and the integration with § 8.1 Permissions Policy provide adequate protection against unwanted access to a device.

3.3. Attacking the Host

If a device is compromised then in addition to abusing its own capabilities the attacker may also use it to in turn attack the host to which it is connected or if the exploit is persistent any host it is connected to later. The methods above are the ways in which this specification attempts to mitigate this attack vector for once the device is under the control of an attacker (for example, by uploading a malicious firmware image) there is nothing that can be done by the UA to prevent further damage.

This specification recommends device manufacturers practice defense in depth by designing their devices to only accept signed firmware updates and/or require physical access to the device in order to apply some configuration changes.

4. WebUSB Descriptors and Requests

This specification defines descriptors and commands the UA MAY use to gather information about the device specific to implementing this API.

4.1. WebUSB Platform Capability Descriptor

A device announces support for the WebUSB command set by including the following Platform Descriptor in its Binary Object Store:

Offset Field Size Value Description
0 bLength 1 Number Size of this descriptor. Must be set to 24.
1 bDescriptorType 1 Constant DEVICE CAPABILITY descriptor type ([USB31] Table 9-6).
2 bDevCapabilityType 1 Constant PLATFORM capability type ([USB31] Table 9-14).
3 bReserved 1 Number This field is reserved and shall be set to zero.
4 PlatformCapabilityUUID 16 UUID Must be set to {3408b638-09a9-47a0-8bfd-a0768815b665}.
20 bcdVersion 2 BCD Protocol version supported. Must be set to 0x0100.
22 bVendorCode 1 Number bRequest value used for issuing WebUSB requests.
23 iLandingPage 1 Number URL descriptor index of the device’s landing page.

The iLandingPage field, when non-zero, indicates a landing page which the device manufacturer would like the user to visit in order to control their device. The UA MAY suggest the user navigate to this URL when the device is connected.

Note: The USB is a little-endian bus and so according to [RFC4122] the UUID above MUST be sent over the wire as the byte sequence {0x38, 0xB6, 0x08, 0x34, 0xA9, 0x09, 0xA0, 0x47, 0x8B, 0xFD, 0xA0, 0x76, 0x88, 0x15, 0xB6, 0x65}.

4.2. WebUSB Device Requests

All control transfers defined by this specification are considered to be vendor-specific requests. The bVendorCode value found in the WebUSB Platform Capability Descriptor provides the UA with the bRequest the device expects the host to use when issuing control transfers these requests. The request type is then specified in the wIndex field.

WebUSB Request Codes
Constant Value
(Reserved) 1
GET_URL 2

4.2.1. Get URL

This request fetches the URL descriptor with the given index.

The device MUST respond with the URL Descriptor at the given index or stall the transfer if the index is invalid.

bmRequestType bRequest wValue wIndex wLength Data
11000000B bVendorCode Descriptor Index GET_URL Descriptor Length Descriptor

4.3. WebUSB Descriptors

These descriptor types are returned by requests defined in this specification.

WebUSB Descriptor Types
Constant Value
(Reserved) 0-2
WEBUSB_URL 3

4.3.1. URL Descriptor

This descriptor contains a single URL and is returned by the Get URL request.

Offset Field Size Value Description
0 bLength 1 Number Size of this descriptor.
1 bDescriptorType 1 Constant WEBUSB_URL.
2 bScheme 1 Number URL scheme prefix.
3 URL Variable String UTF-8 encoded URL (excluding the scheme prefix).

The bScheme field MUST be one of these values:

URL Prefixes
Value Prefix
0 "http://"
1 "https://"
255 ""

The special value 255 indicates that the entire URL, including scheme, is encoded in the URL field.

5. Device Enumeration

dictionary USBDeviceFilter {
  unsigned short vendorId;
  unsigned short productId;
  octet classCode;
  octet subclassCode;
  octet protocolCode;
  DOMString serialNumber;
};

dictionary USBDeviceRequestOptions {
  required sequence<USBDeviceFilter> filters;
  sequence<USBDeviceFilter> exclusionFilters = [];
};

[Exposed=(Worker,Window), SecureContext]
interface USB : EventTarget {
  attribute EventHandler onconnect;
  attribute EventHandler ondisconnect;
  Promise<sequence<USBDevice>> getDevices();
  [Exposed=Window] Promise<USBDevice> requestDevice(USBDeviceRequestOptions options);
};

[Exposed=Window, SecureContext]
partial interface Navigator {
  [SameObject] readonly attribute USB usb;
};

[Exposed=Worker, SecureContext]
partial interface WorkerNavigator {
  [SameObject] readonly attribute USB usb;
};
In this example, we retrieve some devices to include in a UI. When the page is first loaded, it should check if it already has permission to access any connected devices by calling getDevices(),
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', async () => {
  let devices = await navigator.usb.getDevices();
  devices.forEach(device => {
    // Add |device| to the UI.
  });
});

After the page is loaded the user may connect or disconnect a device from their system so script should also register for these events in order to keep the interface up-to-date,

navigator.usb.addEventListener('connect', event => {
  // Add |event.device| to the UI.
});

navigator.usb.addEventListener('disconnect', event => {
  // Remove |event.device| from the UI.
});

If this is the first time the user has visited the page then it won’t have permission to access any devices so the page must first call requestDevice() while the relevant global object has a transient activation. In this case the page supports devices from vendor 0xABCD that carry the vendor-specific subclass 0x01,

let button = document.getElementById('request-device');
button.addEventListener('click', async () => {
  let device;
  try {
    device = await navigator.usb.requestDevice({ filters: [{
        vendorId: 0xABCD,
        classCode: 0xFF, // vendor-specific
        protocolCode: 0x01
    }]});
  } catch (err) {
    // No device was selected.
  }

  if (device !== undefined) {
    // Add |device| to the UI.
  }
});

A USB device device matches a device filter filter if the following steps return match:

  1. Let deviceDesc be device’s device descriptor.

  2. If filter.vendorId is present and deviceDesc.idVendor does not equal filter.vendorId, return mismatch.

  3. If filter.productId is present and deviceDesc.idProduct does not equal filter.productId, return mismatch.

  4. If filter.serialNumber is present then, let serialNumber be the string descriptor with index deviceDesc.iSerialNumber. If device returns an error when requesting serialNumber or serialNumber is not equal to filter.serialNumber, return mismatch.

  5. If filter.classCode is present and, for any of device’s interface’s interface, interface matches the interface filter filter, return match.

  6. If filter.classCode is present and deviceDesc.bDeviceClass is not equal to filter.classCode, return mismatch.

  7. If filter.subclassCode is present and deviceDesc.bDeviceSubClass is not equal to filter.subclassCode, return mismatch.

  8. If filter.protocolCode is present and deviceDesc.bDeviceProtocol is not equal to filter.protocolCode, return mismatch.

  9. Return match.

Note: The steps above treat the bDeviceClass, bDeviceSubClass and bDeviceProtocol fields of the device descriptor as though they were part of an interface descriptor which is also compared against the provided filter.

A USB interface interface matches an interface filter filter if the following steps return match:

  1. Let desc be interface’s interface descriptor.

  2. If filter.classCode is present and desc.bInterfaceClass is not equal to filter.classCode, return mismatch.

  3. If filter.subclassCode is present and desc.bInterfaceSubClass is not equal to filter.subclassCode, return mismatch.

  4. If filter.protocolCode is present and desc.bInterfaceProtocol is not equal to filter.protocolCode, return mismatch.

  5. Return match.

A USBDeviceFilter filter is valid if the following steps return valid:

  1. If filter.productId is present and filter.vendorId is not present, return invalid.

  2. If filter.subclassCode is present and filter.classCode is not present, return invalid.

  3. If filter.protocolCode is present and filter.subclassCode is not present, return invalid.

  4. Return valid.

The UA MUST be able to enumerate all devices attached to the system. It is, however NOT required to perform this work each time an algorithm requests an enumeration. The UA MAY cache the result of the first enumeration it performs and then begin monitoring for device connection and disconnection events, adding connected devices to its cached enumeration and removing disconnected devices. This mode of operation is preferred as it reduces the number of operating system calls made and amount of bus traffic generated by the getDevices() and requestDevice() methods.

The onconnect attribute is an Event handler IDL attribute for the connect event type.

The ondisconnect attribute is an Event handler IDL attribute for the disconnect event type.

The getDevices() method, when invoked, MUST return a new Promise and run the following steps in parallel:

  1. Let document be this’s relevant global object's associated Document, or null if there is no associated Document.

  2. Let storage be:

    1. The USBPermissionStorage object in the script execution environment of the associated service worker client, if this's relevant global object is a ServiceWorkerGlobalScope.

    2. Otherwise, the USBPermissionStorage object in the current script execution environment.

  3. Enumerate all devices attached to the system. Let this result be enumerationResult.

  4. Let devices be a new empty Array.

  5. For each device in enumerationResult:

    1. If device is blocklisted for document, continue.

    2. If this is the first call to this method, check permissions for device with storage.

    3. Search for an element allowedDevice in storage.allowedDevices where device is in allowedDevice@[[devices]]. If no such element exists, continue to the next device.

    4. Add the USBDevice object representing device to devices.

  6. Resolve promise with devices.

The requestDevice() method, when invoked, MUST run the following steps:

  1. Request permission to use the following descriptor,

    {
      name: "usb"
      filters: options.filters
      exclusionFilters: options.exclusionFilters
    }
    

    Let permissionResult be the resulting Promise.

  2. Upon fulfillment of permissionResult with result run the following steps:

    1. If result.devices is empty, throw a NotFoundError and abort these steps.

    2. Return result.devices[0].

To request the "usb" permission, given a Document document, a USBPermissionStorage storage, a USBPermissionDescriptor options and a USBPermissionResult status, the UA MUST return a new Promise promise and run the following steps in parallel:

  1. For each filter in options.filters if filter is not a valid filter reject promise with a TypeError and abort these steps.

  2. For each exclusionFilter in options.exclusionFilters if exclusionFilter is not a valid filter reject promise with a TypeError and abort these steps.

  3. Check that the algorithm was triggered while the relevant global object had a transient activation. Otherwise, reject promise with a SecurityError and abort these steps.

  4. Set status.state to "ask".

  5. Enumerate all devices attached to the system. Let this result be enumerationResult.

  6. Remove devices from enumerationResult if they are blocklisted for document.

  7. Remove devices from enumerationResult if they do not match a device filter in options.filters.

  8. Remove devices from enumerationResult if they match a device filter in options.exclusionFilters.

  9. Display a prompt to the user requesting they select a device from enumerationResult. The UA SHOULD show a human-readable name for each device.

  10. Wait for the user to have selected a device or cancelled the prompt.

  11. If the user cancels the prompt, set status.devices to an empty FrozenArray, resolve promise with undefined, and abort these steps.

  12. Add device to storage.

  13. Let deviceObj be the USBDevice object representing device.

  14. Set status.devices to a new FrozenArray containing deviceObj as its only element.

  15. Resolve promise with undefined.

To add an allowed USB device device to USBPermissionStorage storage, the UA MUST run the following steps:

  1. Search for an element allowedDevice in storage.allowedDevices where device is in allowedDevice@[[devices]]. If one is found, abort these steps.

  2. Let vendorId and productId be device’s vendor ID and product ID.

  3. Let serialNumber be device’s serial number if it has one, otherwise undefined.

  4. Append { vendorId: vendorId, productId: productId, serialNumber: serialNumber }, with a [[devices]] internal slot containing a single entry device to storage.allowedDevices.

To check permissions for a new USB device device, given a USBPermissionStorage storage, the UA MUST run the following steps:

  1. Let vendorId and productId be device’s vendor ID and product ID.

  2. Let serialNumber be device’s if it has one, otherwise undefined.

  3. Search for an element allowedDevice in storage.allowedDevices where:

  4. If no such element exists, return null.

  5. Add device to allowedDevice@[[devices]].

  6. Return allowedDevice.

To remove an allowed USB device device, given a USBPermissionStorage storage, the UA MUST run the following steps:

  1. Search for an element allowedDevice in storage.allowedDevices where device is in allowedDevice@[[devices]], if no such element exists, abort these steps.

  2. Remove allowedDevice from storage.allowedDevices.

5.1. Events

dictionary USBConnectionEventInit : EventInit {
    required USBDevice device;
};

[
  Exposed=(DedicatedWorker,SharedWorker,Window),
  SecureContext
]
interface USBConnectionEvent : Event {
  constructor(DOMString type, USBConnectionEventInit eventInitDict);
  [SameObject] readonly attribute USBDevice device;
};

Note: Workers may register event listeners for connect and disconnect events but the event listener will not be invoked unless the worker is active.

When the UA detects a new USB device device connected to the host it MUST perform the following steps for each script execution environment:

  1. Let storage be the USBPermissionStorage object in the current script execution environment.

  2. Check permissions for device with storage and let allowedDevice be the result.

  3. If allowedDevice is null, abort these steps.

  4. Let deviceObj be the USBDevice object representing device.

  5. Fire an event named connect on device’s relevant global object's Navigator object’s usb, using USBConnectionEvent, with the device attribute set to deviceObj.

When the UA detects a USB device device has been disconnected from the host it MUST perform the following steps for each script execution environment:

  1. Let storage be the USBPermissionStorage object in the current script execution environment.

  2. Search for an element allowedDevice in storage.allowedDevices where device is in allowedDevice@[[devices]], if no such element exists, abort these steps.

  3. Remove device from allowedDevice@[[devices]].

  4. If allowedDevice.serialNumber is undefined and allowedDevice@[[devices]] is empty remove allowedDevice from storage.allowedDevices.

  5. Let device be the USBDevice object representing device.

  6. Fire an event named disconnect on device’s relevant global object's Navigator object’s usb, using USBConnectionEvent, with the device attribute set to device.

6. Device Usage

In this example we imagine a data logging device supporting up to 8 16-bit data channels. It has a single configuration (bConfigurationValue 1) with a single interface (bInterfaceNumber 1) with a single bulk endpoint (bEndpointAddress 0x81 which means that it is endpoint 1 and an IN endpoint). When data is sampled it is available on this endpoint. The maximum packet size on this endpoint is 16 bytes to support all 8 channels being activated at the same time. To save bus bandwidth, however, any combination of channels can be activated and deactivated. The packet will only be the length necessary to transmit the data collected.

To get started we open the device, select the first configuration (it only has one but the operating system may not have already done this during enumeration) and claim the data logging interface,

await device.open();
if (device.configuration === null)
  await device.selectConfiguration(1);
await device.claimInterface(1);

For this particular application we care about reading from channels 1, 2 and 5 so we issue a control transfer to activate these channels,

await device.controlTransferOut({
    requestType: 'vendor',
    recipient: 'interface',
    request: 0x01,  // vendor-specific request: enable channels
    value: 0x0013,  // 0b00010011 (channels 1, 2 and 5)
    index: 0x0001   // Interface 1 is the recipient
});

The application may now start polling the device for data. As we only expect data from 3 channels we request a 6 byte buffer. As long as we receive a complete buffer the captured values (transmitted in big endian) are printed to the console log. If the device has encountered an error and signals this by stalling the endpoint then the error is cleared before continuing,

while (true) {
  let result = await device.transferIn(1, 6);

  if (result.data && result.data.byteLength === 6) {
    console.log('Channel 1: ' + result.data.getUint16(0));
    console.log('Channel 2: ' + result.data.getUint16(2));
    console.log('Channel 5: ' + result.data.getUint16(4));
  }

  if (result.status === 'stall') {
    console.warn('Endpoint stalled. Clearing.');
    await device.clearHalt(1);
  }
}

6.1. The USBDevice Interface

enum USBTransferStatus {
  "ok",
  "stall",
  "babble"
};

[
  Exposed=(DedicatedWorker,SharedWorker,Window),
  SecureContext
]
interface USBInTransferResult {
  constructor(USBTransferStatus status, optional DataView? data);
  readonly attribute DataView? data;
  readonly attribute USBTransferStatus status;
};

[
  Exposed=(DedicatedWorker,SharedWorker,Window),
  SecureContext
]
interface USBOutTransferResult {
  constructor(USBTransferStatus status, optional unsigned long bytesWritten = 0);
  readonly attribute unsigned long bytesWritten;
  readonly attribute USBTransferStatus status;
};

[
  Exposed=(DedicatedWorker,SharedWorker,Window),
  SecureContext
]
interface USBIsochronousInTransferPacket {
  constructor(USBTransferStatus status, optional DataView? data);
  readonly attribute DataView? data;
  readonly attribute USBTransferStatus status;
};

[
  Exposed=(DedicatedWorker,SharedWorker,Window),
  SecureContext
]
interface USBIsochronousInTransferResult {
  constructor(sequence<USBIsochronousInTransferPacket> packets, optional DataView? data);
  readonly attribute DataView? data;
  readonly attribute FrozenArray<USBIsochronousInTransferPacket> packets;
};

[
  Exposed=(DedicatedWorker,SharedWorker,Window),
  SecureContext
]
interface USBIsochronousOutTransferPacket {
  constructor(USBTransferStatus status, optional unsigned long bytesWritten = 0);
  readonly attribute unsigned long bytesWritten;
  readonly attribute USBTransferStatus status;
};

[
  Exposed=(DedicatedWorker,SharedWorker,Window),
  SecureContext
]
interface USBIsochronousOutTransferResult {
  constructor(sequence<USBIsochronousOutTransferPacket> packets);
  readonly attribute FrozenArray<USBIsochronousOutTransferPacket> packets;
};

[Exposed=(DedicatedWorker,SharedWorker,Window), SecureContext]
interface USBDevice {
  readonly attribute octet usbVersionMajor;
  readonly attribute octet usbVersionMinor;
  readonly attribute octet usbVersionSubminor;
  readonly attribute octet deviceClass;
  readonly attribute octet deviceSubclass;
  readonly attribute octet deviceProtocol;
  readonly attribute unsigned short vendorId;
  readonly attribute unsigned short productId;
  readonly attribute octet deviceVersionMajor;
  readonly attribute octet deviceVersionMinor;
  readonly attribute octet deviceVersionSubminor;
  readonly attribute DOMString? manufacturerName;
  readonly attribute DOMString? productName;
  readonly attribute DOMString? serialNumber;
  readonly attribute USBConfiguration? configuration;
  readonly attribute FrozenArray<USBConfiguration> configurations;
  readonly attribute boolean opened;
  Promise<undefined> open();
  Promise<undefined> close();
  Promise<undefined> forget();
  Promise<undefined> selectConfiguration(octet configurationValue);
  Promise<undefined> claimInterface(octet interfaceNumber);
  Promise<undefined> releaseInterface(octet interfaceNumber);
  Promise<undefined> selectAlternateInterface(octet interfaceNumber, octet alternateSetting);
  Promise<USBInTransferResult> controlTransferIn(USBControlTransferParameters setup, unsigned short length);
  Promise<USBOutTransferResult> controlTransferOut(USBControlTransferParameters setup, optional BufferSource data);
  Promise<undefined> clearHalt(USBDirection direction, octet endpointNumber);
  Promise<USBInTransferResult> transferIn(octet endpointNumber, unsigned long length);
  Promise<USBOutTransferResult> transferOut(octet endpointNumber, BufferSource data);
  Promise<USBIsochronousInTransferResult> isochronousTransferIn(octet endpointNumber, sequence<unsigned long> packetLengths);
  Promise<USBIsochronousOutTransferResult> isochronousTransferOut(octet endpointNumber, BufferSource data, sequence<unsigned long> packetLengths);
  Promise<undefined> reset();
};

Instances of USBDevice are created with the internal slots described in the following table:

Internal Slot Initial Value Description (non-normative)
[[configurations]] An empty sequence of USBConfiguration All configurations supported by this device.
[[configurationValue]] <always set in prose> The current configuration value of the device.
[[selectedAlternateSetting]] An empty list of integer The current alternate setting for each interface on the current configuration.
[[claimedInterface]] An empty list of boolean The claimed status for each interface on the current configuration.
To find the device descriptor for the connected USB device, perform the following steps:
  1. Let deviceDescriptor be the device descriptor of the connected device by performing Get Descriptor with DescriptorType set to DEVICE.

  2. Return deviceDescriptor.

To find a list of configuration descriptors for the connected USB device, perform the following steps:
  1. Let deviceDescriptor be the result of finding the device descriptor for the connected USB device.

  2. Let numConfigurations be bNumConfigurations of deviceDescriptor.

  3. Let configurationIndex be 0.

  4. Let configurationDescriptors be an empty list.

  5. While configurationIndex is less than numConfigurations:

    1. Let descriptors be the a list of descriptors by performing Get Descriptor with DescriptorType set to CONFIGURATION and DescriptorIndex set to configurationIndex.

    2. If the bDescriptorType of the descriptors[0] is equal to CONFIGURATION, append descriptors[0] to configurationDescriptors.

    3. Increment configurationIndex by 1.

  6. Return configurationDescriptors.

To abort transfers currently scheduled on an interface with the given interface object, perform the following steps:
  1. Let configuration be interface.[[configuration]].

  2. Let device be configuration.[[device]].

  3. If configuration is not the same as the result of finding the current configuration with device, return.

  4. If the result of finding if the interface is claimed with interface is not true, return.

  5. Let currAlternateInterface be the result of finding the alternate interface for the current alternate setting with interface.

  6. For each endpoint of currAlternateInterface.[[endpoints]]:

    1. Abort all transfers currently scheduled on endpoint and reject the associated promises with an AbortError.

To find the interface index with the given interfaceNumber and configuration object, perform the following steps:
  1. Let interfaceIndex be 0.

  2. While interfaceIndex is less than the size of configuration.[[interfaces]]:

    1. If configuration.[[interfaces]][interfaceIndex].[[interfaceNumber]] is equal to interfaceNumber, return interfaceIndex.

    2. Increment interfaceIndex by 1.

  3. Return -1.

To find the alternate index with the given alternateSetting and interface object, perform the following steps:
  1. Let alternateIndex be 0.

  2. While alternateIndex is less than the size of interface.[[alternates]]:

    1. If interface.[[alternates]][alternateIndex].[[alternateSetting]] is equal to alternateSetting, return alternateIndex.

    2. Increment alternateIndex by 1.

  3. Return -1.

To find the current configuration with the given device object, perform the following steps:
  1. For each configuration of device.[[configurations]]:

    1. If configuration.[[configurationValue]] is equal to device.[[configurationValue]], return configuration.

  2. Return null.

To find the endpoint with the given endpointAddress and device object, perform the following steps:
  1. Let configuration be the result of finding the current configuration with device.

  2. If configuration is null, return null.

  3. For each interface of configuration.[[interfaces]]:

    1. If the result of finding if the interface is claimed with interface is not true, continue.

    2. Let alternate be the result of finding the alternate interface for the current alternate setting with interface.

    3. For each endpoint of alternate.[[endpoints]]:

      1. If endpoint.[[endpointAddress]] is equal to endpointAddress, return endpoint

  4. Return null.

To check if the device is configured with the given device and promise, perform the following steps:
  1. If the device is no longer connected to the system, reject promise with a NotFoundError and abort these steps.

  2. If device.opened is not true, or device.[[configurationValue]] is equal to 0, reject promise with an InvalidStateError.

When a USB device is connected and detected, a new USBDevice object representing a connected USB device is constructed by performing the following steps:
  1. Set this.[[configurationValue]] to the returned value of Get Configuration.

  2. Let configurationDescriptors be the result of finding a list of configuration descriptors for the connected USB device.

  3. For each configurationDescriptor of configurationDescriptors:

    1. Let configuration be a new USBConfiguration object using USBConfiguration(device,configurationValue) with device set to this and configurationValue set to bConfigurationValue of configurationDescriptor.

    2. Append configuration to this.[[configurations]].

    3. If bConfigurationValue of configurationDescriptor is equal to this.[[configurationValue]]:

      1. Let numInterfaces be the size of configuration.[[interfaces]].

      2. Resize this.[[selectedAlternateSetting]] to numInterfaces.

      3. Fill this.[[selectedAlternateSetting]] with 0.

      4. Resize this.[[claimedInterface]] to numInterfaces.

      5. Fill this.[[claimedInterface]] with false.

All USB devices MUST have a default control pipe which is endpointNumber 0.

6.1.1. Attributes

usbVersionMajor, of type octet, readonly
usbVersionMinor, of type octet, readonly
usbVersionSubminor, of type octet, readonly

The usbVersionMajor, usbVersionMinor and usbVersionSubminor attributes declare the USB protocol version supported by the device. They SHALL correspond to the value of the bcdUSB field of the device descriptor such that a value of 0xJJMN has major version JJ, minor version M and subminor version N.

deviceClass, of type octet, readonly
deviceSubclass, of type octet, readonly
deviceProtocol, of type octet, readonly

The deviceClass, deviceSubclass and deviceProtocol attributes declare the communication interface supported by the device. They MUST correspond respectively to the values of the bDeviceClass, bDeviceSubClass and bDeviceProtocol fields of the device descriptor.

vendorId, of type unsigned short, readonly
productId, of type unsigned short, readonly

The vendorId and productId MUST be equal to the device’s vendor ID and product ID.

deviceVersionMajor, of type octet, readonly
deviceVersionMinor, of type octet, readonly
deviceVersionSubminor, of type octet, readonly

The deviceVersionMajor, deviceVersionMinor and deviceVersionSubminor attributes declare the device release number as defined by the device manufacturer. It SHALL correspond to the value of the bcdDevice field of the device descriptor such that a value of 0xJJMN has major version JJ, minor version M and subminor version N.

manufacturerName, of type DOMString, readonly, nullable
productName, of type DOMString, readonly, nullable
serialNumber, of type DOMString, readonly, nullable

The manufacturerName, productName and serialNumber attributes SHOULD contain the values of the string descriptors indexed by the iManufacturer, iProduct and iSerialNumber fields of the device descriptor if each is defined.

configuration, of type USBConfiguration, readonly, nullable

The configuration attribute contains the currently selected configuration for the device and SHALL be one of the USBConfiguration in configurations.

The configuration getter steps are:

  1. Return the result of finding the current configuration with this.

configurations, of type FrozenArray<USBConfiguration>, readonly

The configurations attribute contains a sequence of USBConfiguration representing configurations supported by the device.

The configurations getter steps are:

  1. Return this.[[configurations]].

opened, of type boolean, readonly

The opened attribute SHALL be set to true when the device is opened by the current execution context and SHALL be set to false otherwise.

6.1.2. Methods

The open() method, when invoked, MUST return a new Promise promise and run the following steps in parallel:
  1. If this is no longer connected to the system, reject promise with a NotFoundError and abort these steps.

  2. If this.opened is true resolve promise and abort these steps.

  3. Perform the necessary platform-specific steps to begin a session with the device. If these fail for any reason reject promise with a NetworkError and abort these steps.

  4. Set this.opened to true and resolve promise.

The close() method, when invoked, MUST return a new Promise promise and run the following steps in parallel:
  1. If this is no longer connected to the system, reject promise with a NotFoundError and abort these steps.

  2. If this.opened is false resolve promise and abort these steps.

  3. Abort all other algorithms currently running against this device and reject their associated promises with an AbortError.

  4. Perform the necessary platform-specific steps to release any claimed interfaces as if releaseInterface(interfaceNumber) had been called for each claimed interface.

  5. Perform the necessary platform-specific steps to end the session with the device.

  6. Set this.opened to false and resolve promise.

Note: When no [ECMAScript] code can observe an instance of USBDevice device anymore, the UA SHOULD run device.close().

The forget() method, when invoked, MUST return a new Promise promise and run the following steps in parallel:
  1. Let device be this.

  2. Let storage be the USBPermissionStorage object in the current script execution environment.

  3. Remove device from storage with storage.

  4. Resolve promise.

Note: The user agent MAY decide to combine permissions across APIs, for instance tracking WebHID + WebUSB device access under a unified low-level device access permission. For this reason, this method may also revoke additional (unspecified yet) permissions in the future.

The selectConfiguration(configurationValue) method, when invoked, MUST return a new Promise promise and run the following steps in parallel:
  1. If this is no longer connected to the system, reject promise with a NotFoundError and abort these steps.

  2. Let selectedConfiguration be null.

  3. For each configuration of this.[[configurations]]:

    1. If configuration.[[configurationValue]] is equal to configurationValue, set selectedConfiguration to configuration and break.

  4. If selectedConfiguration is null, reject promise with a NotFoundError and abort these steps.

  5. If this.opened is not equal to true reject promise with an InvalidStateError and abort these steps.

  6. Let activeConfiguration be the result of finding the current configuration with this.

  7. If activeConfiguration is not null.

    1. For each interface of activeConfiguration.[[interfaces]]:

      1. Abort transfers currently scheduled on an interface with interface.

  8. Issue a SET_CONFIGURATION control transfer with configurationValue set to the configurationValue. If this step fails reject promise with a NetworkError and abort these steps.

  9. Let numInterfaces be the size of selectedConfiguration.[[interfaces]].

  10. Resize this.[[selectedAlternateSetting]] to numInterfaces.

  11. Fill this.[[selectedAlternateSetting]] with 0.

  12. Resize this.[[claimedInterface]] to numInterfaces.

  13. Fill this.[[claimedInterface]] with false.

  14. Set this.[[configurationValue]] to configurationValue and resolve promise.

The claimInterface(interfaceNumber) method, when invoked, MUST return a new Promise promise and run the following steps in parallel:
  1. Check if the device is configured with this and promise and abort these steps if promise is rejected.

  2. Let activeConfiguration be the result of finding the current configuration with this.

  3. Let interfaces be activeConfiguration.[[interfaces]].

  4. Let interfaceIndex be the result of finding the interface index with interfaceNumber and activeConfiguration.

  5. If interfaceIndex is equal to -1, reject promise with a NotFoundError and abort these steps.

  6. If this.[[claimedInterface]][interfaceIndex] is true, resolve promise and abort these steps.

  7. Let unrestricted be false.

  8. Let document be this’s relevant global object's associated Document, or null if there is no associated Document.

  9. If document is not null and document is allowed to use the policy-controlled feature named "usb-unrestricted", set unrestricted to true.

  10. If interfaces[interfaceIndex].[[isProtectedClass]] is true and unrestricted is false, reject promise with a SecurityError and abort these steps.

  11. Perform the necessary platform-specific steps to request exclusive control over interfaces[interfaceIndex] for the current execution context. If this fails, reject promise with a NetworkError and abort these steps.

  12. Set this.[[claimedInterface]][interfaceIndex] to true and resolve promise.

The releaseInterface(interfaceNumber) method, when invoked, MUST return a new Promise promise and run the following steps in parallel:
  1. Check if the device is configured with this and promise and abort these steps if promise is rejected.

  2. Let activeConfiguration be the result of finding the current configuration with this.

  3. Let interfaces be activeConfiguration.[[interfaces]].

  4. Let interfaceIndex be the result of finding the interface index with interfaceNumber and activeConfiguration.

  5. If interfaceIndex is equal to -1, reject promise with a NotFoundError and abort these steps.

  6. If this.[[claimedInterface]][interfaceIndex] is false, resolve promise and abort these steps.

  7. Perform the necessary platform-specific steps to reliquish exclusive control over interfaces[interfaceIndex].

  8. Set this.[[selectedAlternateSetting]][interfaceIndex] to 0.

  9. Set this.[[claimedInterface]][interfaceIndex] to false and resolve promise.

The selectAlternateInterface(interfaceNumber, alternateSetting) method, when invoked, MUST return a new Promise promise and run the following steps in parallel:
  1. Check if the device is configured with this and promise and abort these steps if promise is rejected.

  2. Let activeConfiguration be the result of finding the current configuration with this.

  3. Let interfaces be activeConfiguration.[[interfaces]].

  4. Let interfaceIndex be the result of finding the interface index with interfaceNumber and activeConfiguration.

  5. If interfaceIndex is equal to -1, reject promise with a NotFoundError and abort these steps.

  6. If this.[[claimedInterface]][interfaceIndex is not true, reject promise with an InvalidStateError and abort these steps.

  7. Let interface be interfaces[interfaceIndex].

  8. Let alternateIndex be the result of finding the alternate index with alternateSetting and interface.

  9. If alternateIndex is equal to -1, reject promise with a NotFoundError and abort these steps.

  10. Abort transfers currently scheduled on an interface with interface.

  11. Issue a SET_INTERFACE control transfer with interfaceNumber set to the interfaceNumber and alternateSetting set to the alternateSetting. If this step fails reject promise with a NetworkError and abort these steps.

  12. Set this.[[selectedAlternateSetting]][interfaceIndex] to alternateSetting.

  13. Resolve promise.

The controlTransferIn(setup, length) method, when invoked, MUST return a new Promise promise and run the following steps in parallel:
  1. Check if the device is configured with this and promise and abort these steps if promise is rejected.

  2. Check the validity of the control transfer parameters with this and abort these steps if promise is rejected.

  3. If length is greater than 0, let buffer be a host buffer with space for length bytes.

  4. Issue a control transfer to this with the setup packet parameters provided in setup, the data transfer direction in bmRequestType set to "device to host" and wLength set to length. If defined also provide buffer as the destination to write data received in response to this transfer.

  5. Let bytesTransferred be the number of bytes written to buffer.

  6. Let result be a new USBInTransferResult.

  7. If data was received from the device create a new ArrayBuffer containing the first bytesTransferred bytes of buffer and set result.data to a new DataView constructed over it.

  8. If the device responded by stalling the default control pipe set result.status to "stall".

  9. If the device responded with more than length bytes of data set result.status to "babble" and otherwise set it to "ok".

  10. If the transfer fails for any other reason reject promise with a NetworkError and abort these steps.

  11. Resolve promise with result.

The controlTransferOut(setup, data) method, when invoked, must return a new Promise promise and run the following steps in parallel:
  1. Check if the device is configured with this and promise and abort these steps if promise is rejected.

  2. Check the validity of the control transfer parameters with this and abort these steps if promise is rejected.

  3. Issue a control transfer with the setup packet populated by setup and the data transfer direction in bmRequestType set to "host to device" and wLength set to data.length. Transmit data in the data stage of the transfer.

  4. Let result be a new USBOutTransferResult.

  5. If the device responds by stalling the default control pipe set result.status to "stall".

  6. If the device acknowledges the transfer set result.status to "ok" and result.bytesWritten to data.length.

  7. If the transfer fails for any other reason reject promise with a NetworkError and abort these steps.

  8. Resolve promise with result.

The clearHalt(direction, endpointNumber) method, when invoked, MUST return a new Promise promise and run the following steps in parallel:
  1. Check if the device is configured with this and promise and abort these steps if promise is rejected.

  2. Let endpointAddress be endpointNumber | 0x80 if direction is equal to "in", and endpointNumber otherwise.

  3. Let endpoint be the result of finding the endpoint with endpointAddress and this.

  4. If endpoint is null, reject promise with a NotFoundError and abort these steps.

  5. Issue a ClearFeature(ENDPOINT_HALT) control transfer to the device to clear the halt condition on endpoint.

  6. On failure reject promise with a NetworkError, otherwise resolve promise.

The transferIn(endpointNumber, length) method, when invoked, MUST return a new Promise promise and run the following steps in parallel:
  1. Check if the device is configured with this and promise and abort these steps if promise is rejected.

  2. Let endpointAddress be endpointNumber | 0x80 (i.e "in" direction).

  3. Let endpoint be the result of finding the endpoint with endpointAddress and this.

  4. If endpoint is null, reject promise with a NotFoundError and abort these steps.

  5. If endpoint.type is not equal to "bulk", reject promise with an InvalidAccessError and abort these steps.

  6. Let buffer be a host buffer with space for length bytes.

  7. As appropriate for endpoint enqueue a bulk or interrupt IN transfer on endpoint to receive length bytes of data from the device into buffer.

  8. Let bytesTransferred be the number of bytes written to buffer.

  9. Let result be a new USBInTransferResult.

  10. If data was received from the device create a new ArrayBuffer containing the first bytesTransferred bytes of buffer and set result.data to a new DataView constructed over it.

  11. If the device responded with more than length bytes of data set result.status to "babble".

  12. If the transfer ended because endpoint is halted set result.status to "stall".

  13. If the device acknowledged the complete transfer set result.status to "ok".

  14. If the transfer failed for any other reason reject promise with a NetworkError and abort these steps.

  15. Resolve promise with result.

The transferOut(endpointNumber, data) method, when invoked, MUST return a new Promise promise and run the following steps in parallel:
  1. Check if the device is configured with this and promise and abort these steps if promise is rejected.

  2. Let endpointAddress be endpointNumber (i.e "out" direction).

  3. Let endpoint be the result of finding the endpoint with endpointAddress and this.

  4. If endpoint is null, reject promise with a NotFoundError and abort these steps.

  5. If endpoint.type is not equal to "bulk", reject promise with an InvalidAccessError and abort these steps.

  6. As appropriate for endpoint enqueue a bulk or interrupt OUT transfer on endpoint to transmit data to the device.

  7. Let result be a new USBOutTransferResult.

  8. Set result.bytesWritten to the amount of data successfully sent to the device.

  9. If the endpoint is stalled set result.status to "stall".

  10. If the device acknowledges the complete transfer set result.status to "ok".

  11. If the transfer fails for any other reason reject promise with a NetworkError and abort these steps.

  12. Resolve promise with result.

The isochronousTransferIn(endpointNumber, packetLengths) method, when invoked, MUST return a new Promise promise and run the following steps in parallel:
  1. Check if the device is configured with this and promise and abort these steps if promise is rejected.

  2. Let endpointAddress be endpointNumber | 0x80 (i.e "in" direction).

  3. Let endpoint be the result of finding the endpoint with endpointAddress and this.

  4. If endpoint is null, reject promise with a NotFoundError and abort these steps.

  5. If endpoint.type is not equal to "isochronous", reject promise with an InvalidAccessError and abort these steps.

  6. Let length be the sum of the elements of packetLengths.

  7. Let buffer be a new ArrayBuffer of length bytes.

  8. Let result be a new USBIsochronousInTransferResult and set result.data to a new DataView constructed over buffer.

  9. Enqueue an isochronous IN transfer on endpoint that will write up to length bytes of data from the device into buffer.

  10. For each packet i from 0 to packetLengths.length - 1:

    1. Let packet be a new USBIsochronousInTransferPacket and set result.packets[i] to packet.

    2. Let view be a new DataView over the portion of buffer containing the data received from the device for this packet and set packet.data to view.

    3. If the device responds with more than packetLengths[i] bytes of data set packet.status to "babble".

    4. If the transfer ends because endpoint is stalled set packet.status to "stall".

    5. If the device acknowledges the complete transfer set packet.status to "ok".

    6. If the transfer fails for any other reason reject promise with a NetworkError and abort these steps.

  11. Resolve promise with result.

The isochronousTransferOut(endpointNumber, data, packetLengths) method, when invoked, MUST return a new Promise promise and run the following steps in parallel:
  1. Check if the device is configured with this and promise and abort these steps if promise is rejected.

  2. Let endpointAddress be endpointNumber (i.e "out" direction).

  3. Let endpoint be the result of finding the endpoint with endpointAddress and this.

  4. If endpoint is null, reject promise with a NotFoundError and abort these steps.

  5. If endpoint.type is not equal to "isochronous", reject promise with an InvalidAccessError and abort these steps.

  6. Let result be a new USBIsochronousOutTransferResult.

  7. Enqueue an isochronous OUT transfer on endpoint that will write data to the device, divided into packetLength.length packets of packetLength[i] bytes (for packets i from 0 to packetLengths.length - 1).

  8. For each packet i from 0 to packetLengths.length - 1 the host attempts to send to the device:

    1. Let packet be a new USBIsochronousOutTransferPacket and set result.packets[i] to packet.

    2. Let packet.bytesWritten be the amount of data successfully sent to the device as part of this packet.

    3. If the transfer ends because endpoint is stalled set packet.status to "stall".

    4. If the device acknowledges the complete transfer set packet.status to "ok".

    5. If the transfer fails for any other reason reject promise with a NetworkError and abort these steps.

  9. Resolve promise with result.

The reset() method, when invoked, MUST return a new Promise promise and run the following steps in parallel:
  1. Check if the device is configured with this and promise and abort these steps if promise is rejected.

  2. Abort all operations on the device and reject their associated promises with an AbortError.

  3. Perform the necessary platform-specific operation to soft reset the device.

  4. On failure reject promise with a NetworkError, otherwise resolve promise.

What configuration is the device in after it resets? [Issue #36]

6.2. The USBControlTransferParameters Dictionary

enum USBRequestType {
  "standard",
  "class",
  "vendor"
};

enum USBRecipient {
  "device",
  "interface",
  "endpoint",
  "other"
};

dictionary USBControlTransferParameters {
  required USBRequestType requestType;
  required USBRecipient recipient;
  required octet request;
  required unsigned short value;
  required unsigned short index;
};
To check the validity of the control transfer parameters with the given device, perform the following steps:
  1. Let setup be the USBControlTransferParameters created for the transfer.

  2. Let promise be the promise created for the transfer.

  3. Let configuration be the result of finding the current configuration with device.

  4. If configuration is null, abort these steps.

  5. If setup.recipient is "interface", perform the following steps:

    1. Let interfaceNumber be the lower 8 bits of setup.index.

    2. Let interfaceIndex be the result of finding the interface index with interfaceNumber and configuration.

    3. If interfaceIndex is equal to -1, reject promise with a NotFoundError and abort these steps.

    4. Let interface be configuration.[[interfaces]][interfaceIndex].

    5. If the result of finding if the interface is claimed with interface is not true, reject promise with an InvalidStateError and abort these steps.

  6. If setup.recipient is "endpoint", run the following steps:

    1. Let endpointAddress be setup.index.

    2. Let endpoint be the result of finding the endpoint with endpointAddress and device.

    3. If endpoint is null, reject promise with a NotFoundError and abort these steps.

    4. Let alternate be endpoint.[[alternateInterface]].

    5. Let interface be alternate.[[interface]].

    6. If the result of finding if the interface is claimed with interface is not true, reject promise with an InvalidStateError and abort these steps.

6.2.1. Members

requestType, of type USBRequestType

The requestType attribute populates part of the bmRequestType field of the setup packet to indicate whether this request is part of the USB standard, a particular USB device class specification or a vendor-specific protocol.

recipient, of type USBRecipient

The recipient attribute populates part of the bmRequestType field of the setup packet to indicate whether the control transfer is addressed to the entire device, or a specific interface or endpoint.

request, of type octet

The request attribute populates the bRequest field of the setup packet. Valid requests are defined by the USB standard, USB device class specifications or the device vendor.

value, of type unsigned short

The value and index attributes populate the wValue and wIndex fields of the setup packet respectively. The meaning of these fields depends on the request being made.

6.3. The USBConfiguration Interface

[
  Exposed=(DedicatedWorker,SharedWorker,Window),
  SecureContext
]
interface USBConfiguration {
  constructor(USBDevice device, octet configurationValue);
  readonly attribute octet configurationValue;
  readonly attribute DOMString? configurationName;
  readonly attribute FrozenArray<USBInterface> interfaces;
};

Instances of USBConfiguration are created with the internal slots described in the following table:

Internal Slot Initial Value Description (non-normative)
[[device]] <always set in prose> The USBDevice object this belongs to.
[[interfaces]] An empty sequence of USBInterface All interfaces supported this configuration.
[[configurationValue]] <always set in prose> The configuration value for this configuration.
To find a list of descriptors for a configuration with the given configurationValue, perform the following steps:
  1. Let deviceDescriptor be the result of finding the device descriptor for the connected USB device.

  2. Let numConfigurations be bNumConfigurations of deviceDescriptor.

  3. Let configurationIndex be 0.

  4. While configurationIndex is less than numConfigurations:

    1. Let descriptors be the a list of descriptors by performing Get Descriptor with DescriptorType set to CONFIGURATION and DescriptorIndex set to configurationIndex.

    2. If bDescriptorType of descriptors[0] is equal to CONFIGURATION and bConfigurationValue of descriptors is equal to configurationValue, return descriptors.

    3. Increment configurationIndex by 1.

  5. Return empty result.

6.3.1. Constructors

The USBConfiguration(device, configurationValue) constructor MUST, when called, perform the following steps:
  1. Set this.[[device]] to device.

  2. Set this.[[configurationValue]] to configurationValue.

  3. Let descriptors be the result of finding a list of descriptors for a configuration with configurationValue set to configurationValue.

  4. Let seen be an empty ordered set.

  5. For each descriptor of descriptors:

    1. If the bDescriptorType of the descriptor is not equal to INTERFACE, continue.

    2. If the bInterfaceNumber of the descriptor is in seen, continue.

    3. Let interface be a new USBInterface object using USBInterface(configuration,interfaceNumber) with configuration set to this and interfaceNumber set to bInterfaceNumber of descriptor.

    4. Append interface to this.[[interfaces]].

    5. Append bInterfaceNumber of descriptor to seen.

6.3.2. Attributes

configurationValue, of type octet, readonly

Each device configuration SHALL have a unique configurationValue that matches the bConfigurationValue fields of the configuration descriptor that defines it.

configurationName, of type DOMString, readonly, nullable

The configurationName attribute SHOULD contain the value of the string descriptor referenced by the iConfiguration field of the configuration descriptor, if defined.

interfaces, of type FrozenArray<USBInterface>, readonly

The interfaces attribute SHALL contain a list of interfaces exposed by this device configuration.

The interfaces getter steps are:

  1. Return this.[[interfaces]].

Include some non-normative information about device configurations. [Issue #46]

6.4. The USBInterface Interface

[
  Exposed=(DedicatedWorker,SharedWorker,Window),
  SecureContext
]
interface USBInterface {
  constructor(USBConfiguration configuration, octet interfaceNumber);
  readonly attribute octet interfaceNumber;
  readonly attribute USBAlternateInterface alternate;
  readonly attribute FrozenArray<USBAlternateInterface> alternates;
  readonly attribute boolean claimed;
};

Instances of USBInterface are created with the internal slots described in the following table:

Internal Slot Initial Value Description (non-normative)
[[configuration]] <always set in prose> The USBConfiguration object this belongs to.
[[interfaceNumber]] <always set in prose> The interface number for this interface.
[[alternates]] An empty sequence of USBAlternateInterface All alternate settings supported by this interface.
[[isProtectedClass]] false If this interface has any alternate setting belonging to a protected class.

An interface descriptor interface has a protected interface class if and only if interface’s bInterfaceClass is equal to one of the following values.

Protected interface classes
Code Description
0x01 Audio
0x03 HID (Human Interface Device)
0x08 Mass Storage
0x0B Smart Card
0x0E Video
0x10 Audio/Video Devices
0xE0 Wireless Controller

Note: This specification attempts to strike a balance between protecting users from malicious content by limiting access to sensitive devices while enabling support for as many devices as possible. As stated in the introduction the goal of this API is to support devices which are not covered by other, more high level APIs. The list above includes interface classes for which such high level APIs exist and provide greater protection for user privacy and security than low level access through this API would.

To find if the interface is claimed with the given interface, perform the following steps:
  1. Let configuration be interface.[[configuration]].

  2. Let device be configuration.[[device]].

  3. If configuration is not the same as the result of finding the current configuration with device, return false.

  4. Let interfaceIndex be the result of finding the interface index with interface.[[interfaceNumber]] and configuration.

  5. Assert: interfaceIndex is not equal to -1.

  6. Return device.[[claimedInterface]][interfaceIndex].

To find the alternate interface for the current alternate setting with the given interface, perform the following steps:
  1. Let configuration be interface.[[configuration]].

  2. Let device be configuration.[[device]].

  3. Let alternateIndex be 0.

  4. If the result of finding if the interface is claimed with interface is true:

    1. Let interfaceIndex be the result of finding the interface index with interface.[[interfaceNumber]] and configuration.

    2. Assert: interfaceIndex is not equal to -1.

    3. Set alternateIndex to be the result of finding the alternate index with device.[[selectedAlternateSetting]][interfaceIndex] and interface.

  5. Assert: alternateIndex is not equal to -1.

  6. Return interface.alternates[alternateIndex].

Note: There is at least one alternate setting for an interface according to Interface Descriptor [USB31], as there must at least one alternate setting in the Interface Descriptor.

6.4.1. Constructors

The USBInterface(configuration, interfaceNumber) constructor MUST, when called, perform the following steps:
  1. Set this.[[configuration]] to configuration.

  2. Set this.[[interfaceNumber]] to interfaceNumber.

  3. Let descriptors be the result of finding a list of descriptors for a configuration with configurationValue set to configuration.[[configurationValue]].

  4. For each descriptor of descriptors:

    1. If bDescriptorType of descriptor is not equal to INTERFACE, continue.

    2. If bInterfaceNumber of descriptor is not equal to interfaceNumber, continue.

    3. If descriptor has a protected interface class, set this.[[isProtectedClass]] to true.

    4. Let alternate be a new USBAlternateInterface object using USBAlternateInterface(deviceInterface,alternateSetting) with deviceInterface set to this and alternateSetting set to the bAlternateSetting of the descriptor.

    5. Append alternate to this.[[alternates]].

6.4.2. Attributes

interfaceNumber, of type octet, readonly

Each interface provides a collection of alternates identified by a single bInterfaceNumber field found in their interface descriptors. The interfaceNumber attribute MUST match this field.

The interfaceNumber getter steps are:.

  1. Return this.[[interfaceNumber]].

alternate, of type USBAlternateInterface, readonly

The alternate attribute SHALL be set to the USBAlternateInterface that is currently selected for this interface, which by default SHALL be the one with bAlternateSetting equal to 0.

The alternate getter steps are:

  1. Return the result of finding the alternate interface for the current alternate setting with this.

alternates, of type FrozenArray<USBAlternateInterface>, readonly

The alternates method provides a collection of USBAlternateInterface objects identified by a single bInterfaceNumber field found in their interface descriptors.

The alternates getter steps are:

  1. Return this.[[alternates]].

claimed, of type boolean, readonly

The claimed attribute SHALL be set to true when the interface is claimed by the current execution context and SHALL be set to false otherwise.

The claimed getter steps are:

  1. Return the result of finding if the interface is claimed with this.

6.5. The USBAlternateInterface Interface

[
  Exposed=(DedicatedWorker,SharedWorker,Window),
  SecureContext
]
interface USBAlternateInterface {
  constructor(USBInterface deviceInterface, octet alternateSetting);
  readonly attribute octet alternateSetting;
  readonly attribute octet interfaceClass;
  readonly attribute octet interfaceSubclass;
  readonly attribute octet interfaceProtocol;
  readonly attribute DOMString? interfaceName;
  readonly attribute FrozenArray<USBEndpoint> endpoints;
};

Instances of USBAlternateInterface are created with the internal slots described in the following table:

Internal Slot Initial Value Description (non-normative)
[[interface]] <always set in prose> The USBInterface object this belongs to.
[[endpoints]] An empty sequence of USBEndpoint All endpoints exposed by this interface.
[[alternateSetting]] <always set in prose> The alternate setting for this interface.
To find a list of endpoint descriptors with the given alternateSetting , interfaceNumber, and configurationValue, perform the following steps:
  1. Let descriptors as a result of finding a list of descriptors for a configuration with configurationValue.

  2. Let endpointDescriptors as an empty list.

  3. Let index be 0.

  4. While index is less than the size of descriptors:

    1. Let descriptor be descriptors[index].

    2. If bDescriptorType of descriptor is not equal to INTERFACE, increment index by 1 and continue.

    3. if bInterfaceNumber of descriptor is not equal interfaceNumber, increment index by 1 and continue.

    4. if bAlternateSetting of descriptor is not equal alternateSetting, increment index by 1 and continue.

    5. If bNumEndpoints is equal to 0, return endpointDescriptors.

    6. Let numEndpoints be bNumEndpoints of descriptor.

    7. Let indexEndpoints be 0.

    8. Let offset be index + 1

    9. While indexEndpoints is less than numEndpoints:

      1. Append descriptors[indexEndpoints + offset] to endpointDescriptors.

      2. Increment indexEndpoints by 1.

    10. Return endpointDescriptors.

6.5.1. Constructors

The USBAlternateInterface(deviceInterface, alternateSetting) constructor MUST, when called, perform the following steps:
  1. Set this.[[interface]] to deviceInterface.

  2. Set this.[[alternateSetting]] to be alternateSetting.

  3. Let descriptors be the result of finding a list of endpoint descriptors with interfaceNumber set to deviceInterface.interfaceNumber, alternateSetting set to alternateSetting, and configurationValue set to deviceInterface.[[configuration]].[[configurationValue]].

  4. For each descriptor of descriptors:

    1. If bmAttributes of descriptor indicates it is a Control Transfer Type (i.e. bits 0..1 is 00 according to endpoint descriptor), continue.

    2. Let endpointAddress be bEndpointAddress of descriptor.

    3. Let dir be "out" if endpointAddress & 0x80 is 0, and "in" otherwise.

    4. Let endpoint be a new USBEndpoint object using USBEndpoint(alternate,endpointNumber,direction) with alternate set to this, endpointNumber set to endpointAddress & 0xF, and direction set to dir.

    5. Append endpoint to this.[[endpoints]].

6.5.2. Attributes

alternateSetting, of type octet, readonly

Each alternative interface configuration SHALL have a unique alternateSetting within a given interface that matches the bAlternateSetting field of the interface descriptor that defines it.

interfaceClass, of type octet, readonly
interfaceSubclass, of type octet, readonly
interfaceProtocol, of type octet, readonly

The interfaceClass, interfaceSubclass and interfaceProtocol attributes declare the communication interface supported by the interface. They MUST correspond respectively to the values of the bInterfaceClass, bInterfaceSubClass and bInterfaceProtocol fields of the interface descriptor.

interfaceName, of type DOMString, readonly, nullable

The interfaceName attribute SHOULD contain the value of the string descriptor indexed by the iInterface field of the interface descriptor, if defined.

endpoints, of type FrozenArray<USBEndpoint>, readonly

The endpoints attribute SHALL contain a list of endpoints exposed by this interface. These endpoints SHALL by populated from the endpoint descriptors contained within this interface descriptor and the number of elements in this sequence SHALL match the value of the bNumEndpoints field of the interface descriptor.

The endpoints getter steps are:

  1. Return this.[[endpoints]].

6.6. The USBEndpoint Interface

enum USBDirection {
  "in",
  "out"
};

enum USBEndpointType {
  "bulk",
  "interrupt",
  "isochronous"
};

[
  Exposed=(DedicatedWorker,SharedWorker,Window),
  SecureContext
]
interface USBEndpoint {
  constructor(USBAlternateInterface alternate, octet endpointNumber, USBDirection direction);
  readonly attribute octet endpointNumber;
  readonly attribute USBDirection direction;
  readonly attribute USBEndpointType type;
  readonly attribute unsigned long packetSize;
};

Instances of USBEndpoint are created with the internal slots described in the following table:

Internal Slot Initial Value Description (non-normative)
[[alternateInterface]] <always set in prose> The USBAlternateInterface object this belongs to.
[[endpointAddress]] <always set in prose> The endpoint address of this endpoint.
To find the endpoint descriptor with the given endpoint object, perform the following steps:
  1. Let alternateInterface be endpoint.[[alternateInterface]].

  2. Let interface be alternateInterface.[[interface]].

  3. Let configuration be interface.[[configuration]].

  4. Let endpointDescriptors be the result of finding a list of endpoint descriptors with alternateSetting set to alternateInterface.alternateSetting, interfaceNumber set to interface.interfaceNumber, and configurationValue set to configuration.configurationValue.

  5. For each endpointDescriptor of endpointDescriptors:

    1. If endpoint.[[endpointAddress]] is equal to bEndpointAddress of endpointDescriptor, return endpointDescriptor.

6.6.1. Constructors

The endpointNumber(alternate, endpointNumber, direction) constructor MUST, when called, perform the following steps:
  1. Set this.[[alternateInterface]] to alternate.

  2. Set endpointAddress to endpointNumber | 0x80 If direction is "in", and endpointNumber otherwise.

  3. Set this.[[endpointAddress]] to endpointAddress.

6.6.2. Attributes

endpointNumber, of type octet, readonly
direction, of type USBDirection, readonly

Each endpoint within a particular device configuration SHALL have a unique combination of endpointNumber and direction. The endpointNumber MUST equal the 4 least significant bits of the bEndpointAddress field of the endpoint descriptor defining the endpoint.

The direction attribute declares the transfer direction supported by this endpoint and is equal to "in" if the most significant bit of the bEndpointAddress is set and "out" otherwise. An endpoint may either carry data IN from the device to host or OUT from host to device.

type, of type USBEndpointType, readonly

The type attribute declares the type of data transfer supported by this endpoint.

The type getter steps are:

  1. Let endpointDescriptor be the result of finding the endpoint descriptor with this.

  2. Let attr be bmAttributes of endpointDescriptor.

  3. Let typeBits be attr & 0x3.

  4. If typeBits is equal to b01, return "isochronous".

  5. If typeBits is equal to b10, return "bulk".

  6. If typeBits is equal to b11, return "interrupt".

Note: There shouldn’t be any endpoint object belongs to Control Transfer Type according to the steps in USBAlternateInterface(deviceInterface,alternateSetting).

packetSize, of type unsigned long, readonly

The packetSize attribute declares the packet size employed by this endpoint and MUST be equal to the value of the wMaxPacketSize of the endpoint descriptor defining it. In a High-Speed, High-Bandwidth endpoint this value will include the multiplication factor provided by issuing multiple transactions per microframe. In a SuperSpeed device this value will include the multiplication factor provided by the bMaxBurst field of the SuperSpeed Endpoint Companion descriptor.

The packetSize getter steps are:

  1. Let endpointDescriptor be the result of finding the endpoint descriptor with this.

  2. Return wMaxPacketSize of endpointDescriptor.

7. The USB Blocklist

// USBBlocklistEntry is never exposed.
dictionary USBBlocklistEntry {
  required unsigned short idVendor;
  required unsigned short idProduct;
  required unsigned short bcdDevice;
};

This specification relies on a blocklist.txt file in this repository to restrict the set of devices a website can access.

The result of parsing the blocklist at a URL url is a list of USBBlocklistEntry objects produced by the following algorithm:

  1. Fetch url and let contents be its body, decoded as UTF-8.

  2. Let lines be the result of strictly splitting contents starting from the beginning of contents on code point '\n'.

  3. Let blocklist be an empty list.

  4. For each line of lines:

    1. Set line to the result of collecting a sequence of code points not equal to '#' from line starting from the beginning of line.

    2. Set line to the result of stripping leading and trailing ASCII whitespace from line.

    3. Let components be the result of strictly splitting line starting from the beginning of line on code point ':'.

    4. If the size of components is not 2 or 3, continue.

    5. Let idVendor be the result of interpreting components[0] as a hexadecimal number.

    6. Let idProduct be the result of interpreting components[1] as a hexadecimal number.

    7. Let bcdDevice be 0xFFFF.

    8. If the size of components is 3, set bcdDevice to the result of interpreting components[2] as a hexadecimal number.

    9. Append a new USBBlocklistEntry with idVendor, idProduct, and bcdDevice to blocklist.

  5. Return blocklist.

The USB blocklist is the result of parsing the blocklist at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/WICG/webusb/main/blocklist.txt. The UA should re-fetch the blocklist periodically, but it’s unspecified how often.

A USBDevice device is blocklisted for a Document document if the following steps return "blocked":

  1. If document is not null and document is allowed to use the policy-controlled feature named "usb-unrestricted", return "not blocked".

  2. For each entry of the USB blocklist:

    1. If device.vendorId is not equal to entry.idVendor, continue.

    2. If device.productId is not equal to entry.idProduct, continue.

    3. Let bcdDevice be device.deviceVersionMajor << 8 + device.deviceVersionMinor << 4 + device.deviceVersionSubminor.

    4. If bcdDevice is less than or equal to entry.bcdDevice, return "blocked".

  3. Return "not blocked".

8. Integrations

8.1. Permissions Policy

This specification defines a policy-controlled feature, identified by the token "usb", that controls whether the usb attribute is exposed on the Navigator object.

The default allowlist for this feature is ["self"].

This specification defines a second policy-controlled feature, identified by the token "usb-unrestricted", that controls whether blocklisted USB devices and device interfaces with protected classes can be accessed. This feature MUST only be enabled for Isolated Web Apps that declare the feature in the Web Application Manifest [APPMANIFEST].

The default allowlist for this feature is ["self"]. Typically this would imply that the feature is allowed in Documents in top-level traversables by default. However, due to the requirement that this feature is only enabled for Isolated Web Apps with the feature declared in the manifest, the effective default allowlist is ["none"].

8.2. Permission API

The [permissions] API provides a uniform way for websites to request permissions from users and query which permissions they have.

The "usb" powerful feature is defined as follows:

permission descriptor type
dictionary USBPermissionDescriptor : PermissionDescriptor {
  sequence<USBDeviceFilter> filters;
  sequence<USBDeviceFilter> exclusionFilters;
};
extra permission data type
USBPermissionStorage, defined as:
dictionary AllowedUSBDevice {
  required octet vendorId;
  required octet productId;
  DOMString serialNumber;
};

dictionary USBPermissionStorage {
  sequence<AllowedUSBDevice> allowedDevices = [];
};

AllowedUSBDevice instances have an internal slot [[devices]] that holds an array of USB devices.

permission result type
[Exposed=(DedicatedWorker,SharedWorker,Window)]
interface USBPermissionResult : PermissionStatus {
  attribute FrozenArray<USBDevice> devices;
};
permission query algorithm
To query the "usb" permission with a USBPermissionDescriptor desc, a USBPermissionStorage storage, and a USBPermissionResult status, the UA must:
  1. If desc.filters is set then, for each filter in desc.filters if filter is not a valid filter then raise a TypeError and abort these steps.

  2. If desc.exclusionFilters is set then, for each exclusionFilter in desc.exclusionFilters if exclusionFilter is not a valid filter then raise a TypeError and abort these steps.

  3. Set status.state to "prompt".

  4. Let matchingDevices be a new Array.

  5. For each allowedDevice in storage.allowedDevices and for each device in allowedDevice@[[devices]], run the following substeps:

    1. If desc.filters is set and device does not match a device filter in desc.filters, continue to the next device.

    2. If desc.exclusionFilters is set and device matches a device filter in desc.exclusionFilters, continue to the next device.

    3. Get the USBDevice representing device and add it to matchingDevices.

  6. Set status.devices to a new FrozenArray whose contents are matchingDevices.

permission request algorithm
Request the "usb" permission.

9. Terminology

This specification uses several terms taken from [USB31]. While reference is made to version 3.1 of the Universal Serial Bus many of these concepts exist in previous versions as well. Significant differences between USB versions that have bearing on this specification will be called out explicitly.

Descriptors are binary data structures that can be read from a device and describe its properties and function:

The Binary Object Store (BOS) is an additional set of descriptors that are more free-form than the standard device descriptors. Of note is the Platform Descriptor type which allows third parties (such as this specification) to declare their own types of descriptors. Each of these is identified by a UUID. The Binary Object Store is described in section 9.6.2 of [USB31].

A USB device has a single device descriptor which links to one or more configuration descriptors. It’s vendor ID is assigned to the device manufacturer by the USB-IF and is stored in the idVendor field of the device descriptor. It’s product ID is assigned by the manufacturer and is stored in the idProduct field of the device descriptor. It’s serial number is an optional property that is defined if the iSerialNumber field of the device descriptor is not equal to 0 and is the string descriptor referred to by that index.

The Get Configuration is a request to the current device configuration value, described in in section 9.4.2 of [USB31].

The Set Descriptor is a request to get the descriptor with specified Descriptor Type and Descriptor Index, described in in section 9.4.8 of [USB31].

The Get Descriptor is a request to get the descriptor with specified Descriptor Type and Descriptor Index, described in in section 9.4.3 of [USB31].

Note: As descriptors of the device stay the same for the most of the time (with occasional occurrences of Set Descriptor which might modify the descriptors). In order to save the redundant Get Descriptor traffic to the device, implementations could have a read-through & write-through cache layer to store the descriptors of the device.

A control transfer is a special class of USB traffic most commonly used for configuring a device. It consists of three stages: setup, data and status. In the setup stage a setup packet is transmitted to the device containing request parameters including the transfer direction and size of the data to follow. In the data stage that data is either sent to or received from the device. In the status stage successful handling of the request is acknowledged or a failure is signaled.

10. Appendix: A Brief Introduction to USB

This section is non-normative.

USB is a network but it’s very different from traditional TCP/IP networks. It is really more like an RPC system. All traffic is directed by the host, that is, your computer. Though some devices like smartphones can act as both a USB host and USB client they can only take on one role at a time.

10.1. Descriptors

USB devices identify themselves to the host by providing a set of binary structures known as descriptors. The first one read by the host is the device descriptor which contains basic information such as the vendor and product IDs assigned by the USB-IF and the manufacturer. The host may then read the device’s configuration descriptor which is a description of the device’s capabilities including the interfaces and endpoints it exposes. A class can be declared at the device level or for individual interfaces. A device with multiple interfaces providing different functions is known as a composite device.

10.2. Transfers

Whether data is traveling from host to device or the other way around the transfer is always initiated by the host. OUT transfers carry data from host to device and may wait until the device acknowledges the data has been received. IN transfers carry data from device to host and may have to wait until the device has some data to send. Transfers are executed against one of a device’s endpoints and there are different kinds depending on what type of traffic is being sent.

Conformance

Document conventions

Conformance requirements are expressed with a combination of descriptive assertions and RFC 2119 terminology. The key words “MUST”, “MUST NOT”, “REQUIRED”, “SHALL”, “SHALL NOT”, “SHOULD”, “SHOULD NOT”, “RECOMMENDED”, “MAY”, and “OPTIONAL” in the normative parts of this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119. However, for readability, these words do not appear in all uppercase letters in this specification.

All of the text of this specification is normative except sections explicitly marked as non-normative, examples, and notes. [RFC2119]

Examples in this specification are introduced with the words “for example” or are set apart from the normative text with class="example", like this:

This is an example of an informative example.

Informative notes begin with the word “Note” and are set apart from the normative text with class="note", like this:

Note, this is an informative note.

Index

Terms defined by this specification

Terms defined by reference

References

Normative References

[CSS-VALUES-4]
Tab Atkins Jr.; Elika Etemad. CSS Values and Units Module Level 4. URL: https://drafts.csswg.org/css-values-4/
[DOM]
Anne van Kesteren. DOM Standard. Living Standard. URL: https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/
[ECMAScript]
ECMAScript Language Specification. URL: https://tc39.es/ecma262/multipage/
[HTML]
Anne van Kesteren; et al. HTML Standard. Living Standard. URL: https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/
[INFRA]
Anne van Kesteren; Domenic Denicola. Infra Standard. Living Standard. URL: https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/
[PERMISSIONS]
Marcos Caceres; Mike Taylor. Permissions. URL: https://w3c.github.io/permissions/
[PERMISSIONS-POLICY-1]
Ian Clelland. Permissions Policy. URL: https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-permissions-policy/
[PERMISSIONS-REQUEST]
Requesting Permissions. cg-draft. URL: https://wicg.github.io/permissions-request/
[RFC2119]
S. Bradner. Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels. March 1997. Best Current Practice. URL: https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc2119
[SERVICE-WORKERS]
Jake Archibald; Marijn Kruisselbrink. Service Workers. URL: https://w3c.github.io/ServiceWorker/
[URL]
Anne van Kesteren. URL Standard. Living Standard. URL: https://url.spec.whatwg.org/
[USB31]
Universal Serial Bus 3.1 Specification. 26 July 2013. URL: http://www.usb.org/developers/docs/
[WEBIDL]
Edgar Chen; Timothy Gu. Web IDL Standard. Living Standard. URL: https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/

Informative References

[APPMANIFEST]
Marcos Caceres; et al. Web Application Manifest. URL: https://w3c.github.io/manifest/
[CORS]
Anne van Kesteren. Cross-Origin Resource Sharing. 2 June 2020. REC. URL: https://www.w3.org/TR/cors/
[POWERFUL-FEATURES]
Mike West. Secure Contexts. URL: https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-secure-contexts/
[RFC4122]
A Universally Unique IDentifier (UUID) URN Namespace. July 2005. URL: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4122

IDL Index

dictionary USBDeviceFilter {
  unsigned short vendorId;
  unsigned short productId;
  octet classCode;
  octet subclassCode;
  octet protocolCode;
  DOMString serialNumber;
};

dictionary USBDeviceRequestOptions {
  required sequence<USBDeviceFilter> filters;
  sequence<USBDeviceFilter> exclusionFilters = [];
};

[Exposed=(Worker,Window), SecureContext]
interface USB : EventTarget {
  attribute EventHandler onconnect;
  attribute EventHandler ondisconnect;
  Promise<sequence<USBDevice>> getDevices();
  [Exposed=Window] Promise<USBDevice> requestDevice(USBDeviceRequestOptions options);
};

[Exposed=Window, SecureContext]
partial interface Navigator {
  [SameObject] readonly attribute USB usb;
};

[Exposed=Worker, SecureContext]
partial interface WorkerNavigator {
  [SameObject] readonly attribute USB usb;
};

dictionary USBConnectionEventInit : EventInit {
    required USBDevice device;
};

[
  Exposed=(DedicatedWorker,SharedWorker,Window),
  SecureContext
]
interface USBConnectionEvent : Event {
  constructor(DOMString type, USBConnectionEventInit eventInitDict);
  [SameObject] readonly attribute USBDevice device;
};

enum USBTransferStatus {
  "ok",
  "stall",
  "babble"
};

[
  Exposed=(DedicatedWorker,SharedWorker,Window),
  SecureContext
]
interface USBInTransferResult {
  constructor(USBTransferStatus status, optional DataView? data);
  readonly attribute DataView? data;
  readonly attribute USBTransferStatus status;
};

[
  Exposed=(DedicatedWorker,SharedWorker,Window),
  SecureContext
]
interface USBOutTransferResult {
  constructor(USBTransferStatus status, optional unsigned long bytesWritten = 0);
  readonly attribute unsigned long bytesWritten;
  readonly attribute USBTransferStatus status;
};

[
  Exposed=(DedicatedWorker,SharedWorker,Window),
  SecureContext
]
interface USBIsochronousInTransferPacket {
  constructor(USBTransferStatus status, optional DataView? data);
  readonly attribute DataView? data;
  readonly attribute USBTransferStatus status;
};

[
  Exposed=(DedicatedWorker,SharedWorker,Window),
  SecureContext
]
interface USBIsochronousInTransferResult {
  constructor(sequence<USBIsochronousInTransferPacket> packets, optional DataView? data);
  readonly attribute DataView? data;
  readonly attribute FrozenArray<USBIsochronousInTransferPacket> packets;
};

[
  Exposed=(DedicatedWorker,SharedWorker,Window),
  SecureContext
]
interface USBIsochronousOutTransferPacket {
  constructor(USBTransferStatus status, optional unsigned long bytesWritten = 0);
  readonly attribute unsigned long bytesWritten;
  readonly attribute USBTransferStatus status;
};

[
  Exposed=(DedicatedWorker,SharedWorker,Window),
  SecureContext
]
interface USBIsochronousOutTransferResult {
  constructor(sequence<USBIsochronousOutTransferPacket> packets);
  readonly attribute FrozenArray<USBIsochronousOutTransferPacket> packets;
};

[Exposed=(DedicatedWorker,SharedWorker,Window), SecureContext]
interface USBDevice {
  readonly attribute octet usbVersionMajor;
  readonly attribute octet usbVersionMinor;
  readonly attribute octet usbVersionSubminor;
  readonly attribute octet deviceClass;
  readonly attribute octet deviceSubclass;
  readonly attribute octet deviceProtocol;
  readonly attribute unsigned short vendorId;
  readonly attribute unsigned short productId;
  readonly attribute octet deviceVersionMajor;
  readonly attribute octet deviceVersionMinor;
  readonly attribute octet deviceVersionSubminor;
  readonly attribute DOMString? manufacturerName;
  readonly attribute DOMString? productName;
  readonly attribute DOMString? serialNumber;
  readonly attribute USBConfiguration? configuration;
  readonly attribute FrozenArray<USBConfiguration> configurations;
  readonly attribute boolean opened;
  Promise<undefined> open();
  Promise<undefined> close();
  Promise<undefined> forget();
  Promise<undefined> selectConfiguration(octet configurationValue);
  Promise<undefined> claimInterface(octet interfaceNumber);
  Promise<undefined> releaseInterface(octet interfaceNumber);
  Promise<undefined> selectAlternateInterface(octet interfaceNumber, octet alternateSetting);
  Promise<USBInTransferResult> controlTransferIn(USBControlTransferParameters setup, unsigned short length);
  Promise<USBOutTransferResult> controlTransferOut(USBControlTransferParameters setup, optional BufferSource data);
  Promise<undefined> clearHalt(USBDirection direction, octet endpointNumber);
  Promise<USBInTransferResult> transferIn(octet endpointNumber, unsigned long length);
  Promise<USBOutTransferResult> transferOut(octet endpointNumber, BufferSource data);
  Promise<USBIsochronousInTransferResult> isochronousTransferIn(octet endpointNumber, sequence<unsigned long> packetLengths);
  Promise<USBIsochronousOutTransferResult> isochronousTransferOut(octet endpointNumber, BufferSource data, sequence<unsigned long> packetLengths);
  Promise<undefined> reset();
};

enum USBRequestType {
  "standard",
  "class",
  "vendor"
};

enum USBRecipient {
  "device",
  "interface",
  "endpoint",
  "other"
};

dictionary USBControlTransferParameters {
  required USBRequestType requestType;
  required USBRecipient recipient;
  required octet request;
  required unsigned short value;
  required unsigned short index;
};

[
  Exposed=(DedicatedWorker,SharedWorker,Window),
  SecureContext
]
interface USBConfiguration {
  constructor(USBDevice device, octet configurationValue);
  readonly attribute octet configurationValue;
  readonly attribute DOMString? configurationName;
  readonly attribute FrozenArray<USBInterface> interfaces;
};

[
  Exposed=(DedicatedWorker,SharedWorker,Window),
  SecureContext
]
interface USBInterface {
  constructor(USBConfiguration configuration, octet interfaceNumber);
  readonly attribute octet interfaceNumber;
  readonly attribute USBAlternateInterface alternate;
  readonly attribute FrozenArray<USBAlternateInterface> alternates;
  readonly attribute boolean claimed;
};

[
  Exposed=(DedicatedWorker,SharedWorker,Window),
  SecureContext
]
interface USBAlternateInterface {
  constructor(USBInterface deviceInterface, octet alternateSetting);
  readonly attribute octet alternateSetting;
  readonly attribute octet interfaceClass;
  readonly attribute octet interfaceSubclass;
  readonly attribute octet interfaceProtocol;
  readonly attribute DOMString? interfaceName;
  readonly attribute FrozenArray<USBEndpoint> endpoints;
};

enum USBDirection {
  "in",
  "out"
};

enum USBEndpointType {
  "bulk",
  "interrupt",
  "isochronous"
};

[
  Exposed=(DedicatedWorker,SharedWorker,Window),
  SecureContext
]
interface USBEndpoint {
  constructor(USBAlternateInterface alternate, octet endpointNumber, USBDirection direction);
  readonly attribute octet endpointNumber;
  readonly attribute USBDirection direction;
  readonly attribute USBEndpointType type;
  readonly attribute unsigned long packetSize;
};

// USBBlocklistEntry is never exposed.
dictionary USBBlocklistEntry {
  required unsigned short idVendor;
  required unsigned short idProduct;
  required unsigned short bcdDevice;
};

dictionary USBPermissionDescriptor : PermissionDescriptor {
  sequence<USBDeviceFilter> filters;
  sequence<USBDeviceFilter> exclusionFilters;
};

dictionary AllowedUSBDevice {
  required octet vendorId;
  required octet productId;
  DOMString serialNumber;
};

dictionary USBPermissionStorage {
  sequence<AllowedUSBDevice> allowedDevices = [];
};

[Exposed=(DedicatedWorker,SharedWorker,Window)]
interface USBPermissionResult : PermissionStatus {
  attribute FrozenArray<USBDevice> devices;
};

Issues Index

What configuration is the device in after it resets? [Issue #36]
Include some non-normative information about device configurations. [Issue #46]
MDN

USB/connect_event

In only one current engine.

FirefoxNoneSafariNoneChrome61+
Opera?Edge79+
Edge (Legacy)?IENone
Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebViewNoneSamsung Internet?Opera Mobile?
MDN

USB/connect_event

In only one current engine.

FirefoxNoneSafariNoneChrome61+
Opera?Edge79+
Edge (Legacy)?IENone
Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebViewNoneSamsung Internet?Opera Mobile?
MDN

USB/disconnect_event

In only one current engine.

FirefoxNoneSafariNoneChrome61+
Opera?Edge79+
Edge (Legacy)?IENone
Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebViewNoneSamsung Internet?Opera Mobile?
MDN

USB/disconnect_event

In only one current engine.

FirefoxNoneSafariNoneChrome61+
Opera?Edge79+
Edge (Legacy)?IENone
Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebViewNoneSamsung Internet?Opera Mobile?
MDN

USB/getDevices

In only one current engine.

FirefoxNoneSafariNoneChrome61+
Opera?Edge79+
Edge (Legacy)?IENone
Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebViewNoneSamsung Internet?Opera Mobile?
MDN

USB/requestDevice

In only one current engine.

FirefoxNoneSafariNoneChrome61+
Opera?Edge79+
Edge (Legacy)?IENone
Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebViewNoneSamsung Internet?Opera Mobile?
MDN

USB

In only one current engine.

FirefoxNoneSafariNoneChrome61+
Opera?Edge79+
Edge (Legacy)?IENone
Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebViewNoneSamsung Internet?Opera Mobile?
MDN

USBAlternateInterface

In only one current engine.

FirefoxNoneSafariNoneChrome61+
Opera?Edge79+
Edge (Legacy)?IENone
Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebViewNoneSamsung Internet?Opera Mobile?
MDN

USBConfiguration/USBConfiguration

In only one current engine.

FirefoxNoneSafariNoneChrome61+
Opera?Edge79+
Edge (Legacy)?IENone
Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebViewNoneSamsung Internet?Opera Mobile?
MDN

USBConfiguration/configurationName

In only one current engine.

FirefoxNoneSafariNoneChrome61+
Opera?Edge79+
Edge (Legacy)?IENone
Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebViewNoneSamsung Internet?Opera Mobile?
MDN

USBConfiguration/configurationValue

In only one current engine.

FirefoxNoneSafariNoneChrome61+
Opera?Edge79+
Edge (Legacy)?IENone
Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebViewNoneSamsung Internet?Opera Mobile?
MDN

USBConfiguration/interfaces

In only one current engine.

FirefoxNoneSafariNoneChrome61+
Opera?Edge79+
Edge (Legacy)?IENone
Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebViewNoneSamsung Internet?Opera Mobile?
MDN

USBConfiguration

In only one current engine.

FirefoxNoneSafariNoneChrome61+
Opera?Edge79+
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MDN

USBConnectionEvent/USBConnectionEvent

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MDN

USBConnectionEvent/device

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USBConnectionEvent

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MDN

USBDevice/claimInterface

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MDN

USBDevice/clearHalt

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MDN

USBDevice/close

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MDN

USBDevice/configuration

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MDN

USBDevice/configurations

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MDN

USBDevice/controlTransferIn

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Opera?Edge79+
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MDN

USBDevice/controlTransferOut

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MDN

USBDevice/deviceClass

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USBDevice/deviceProtocol

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USBDevice/deviceSubclass

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USBDevice/deviceVersionMajor

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MDN

USBDevice/deviceVersionMinor

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MDN

USBDevice/deviceVersionSubminor

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USBDevice/forget

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Opera?Edge101+
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MDN

USBDevice/isochronousTransferIn

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Opera?Edge79+
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MDN

USBDevice/isochronousTransferOut

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MDN

USBDevice/manufacturerName

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USBDevice/open

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MDN

USBDevice/opened

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MDN

USBDevice/productId

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USBDevice/productName

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USBDevice/releaseInterface

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USBDevice/reset

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USBDevice/selectAlternateInterface

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USBDevice/selectConfiguration

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MDN

USBDevice/serialNumber

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MDN

USBDevice/transferIn

In only one current engine.

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Opera?Edge79+
Edge (Legacy)?IENone
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MDN

USBDevice/transferOut

In only one current engine.

FirefoxNoneSafariNoneChrome61+
Opera?Edge79+
Edge (Legacy)?IENone
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MDN

USBDevice/usbVersionMajor

In only one current engine.

FirefoxNoneSafariNoneChrome61+
Opera?Edge79+
Edge (Legacy)?IENone
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MDN

USBDevice/usbVersionMinor

In only one current engine.

FirefoxNoneSafariNoneChrome61+
Opera?Edge79+
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MDN

USBDevice/usbVersionSubminor

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USBDevice/vendorId

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USBDevice

In only one current engine.

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MDN

USBEndpoint

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USBInTransferResult

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USBInterface

In only one current engine.

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MDN

USBIsochronousInTransferPacket

In only one current engine.

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USBIsochronousInTransferResult

In only one current engine.

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MDN

USBIsochronousOutTransferPacket

In only one current engine.

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USBIsochronousOutTransferResult

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USBOutTransferResult

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Headers/Feature-Policy/usb

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Headers/Permissions-Policy/usb

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